Table 7 Flight and migration flows and refugee management in a World System
| Â | Flight and migration flows | Governments situation and movement of flight and migration | National Governance | Towards global management: governance from core to periphery |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Periphery | Origin and refuge destination | failed states, civil war Weak governance | Repression and indifference | Higher funds for UNHCR |
Semi-Periphery | temporary residence and transit | Two identities: primordial identity construction domestically;civil identity towards the global arena Low to middle income countries | Tolerant but not supportive for refugees Refugees preferably under UNHCR mandate; integration mostly informal sector; refugees seen as opportunity | Deterrence Central role for refugee policy May itself repatriate refugees to the periphery Bargaining between core and semi-periphery on costs of hosting refugees |
Core | Preferred target States | Civic identity construction in Europe primordial and family identity construction in East Asia Manipulation of flight and migration through interventions | UN Conventions Regional agreements (EU) based on international law | Coordination among core states Rationalising UN conventions to limit migration Financial help to and agreements with semi-periphery |